The Ten Plagues of Egypt

God sent ten plagues upon Egypt, each demonstrating his power over Egyptian deities and the futility of Pharaoh’s resistance:

1. Water to Blood - The Nile, source of life and worshipped as a god, turned to blood
2. Frogs - Emerged from the Nile and infested the land
3. Gnats/Lice - Dust became gnats; Egyptian magicians could not replicate this
4. Flies - Swarms covered Egypt but not Goshen where Israel lived
5. Livestock Disease - Egyptian animals died; Israelite animals survived
6. Boils - Painful sores on Egyptians and animals
7. Hail - Devastating hailstorm with fire
8. Locusts - Devoured remaining crops
9. Darkness - Three days of total darkness, yet Israel had light
10. Death of Firstborn - At midnight, every firstborn in Egypt died

After each plague, Pharaoh’s heart was hardened and he refused to let Israel go—until the final plague struck his own household.