Angel

Angel

Also known as: Mal'akh, Angelos, Malak

Angel

Spiritual beings who serve as messengers and servants of God. The word itself means “messenger” in Hebrew, Greek, and Arabic—reflecting their primary role as intermediaries between the divine and human realms.

Nature of Angels

Angels are typically understood as:

  • Created beings, distinct from God
  • Spiritual/non-physical (though they can appear in physical form)
  • Immortal
  • Possessing intelligence and will
  • Organized in hierarchies

In Judaism

Jewish tradition recognizes various types of angels:

Named Angels

  • Gabriel - Associated with strength and revelation
  • Michael - Guardian of Israel, warrior angel
  • Raphael - Associated with healing
  • Uriel - Associated with light and wisdom

Categories

The Hebrew Bible presents angels as:

  • Messengers (mal’akhim)
  • Seraphim (Isaiah 6) - Six-winged beings around God’s throne
  • Cherubim - Guardians (Eden, Ark of the Covenant)
  • The “Angel of the LORD” - sometimes identified with God Himself

In Christianity

Christianity inherited Jewish angelology and developed it further:

Hierarchy

Medieval theology (following Pseudo-Dionysius) organized angels into nine choirs:

  1. Seraphim, Cherubim, Thrones
  2. Dominions, Virtues, Powers
  3. Principalities, Archangels, Angels

Key Roles

  • Gabriel announces Jesus’ birth to Mary
  • Angels minister to Jesus after his temptation
  • Angels announce the resurrection
  • Angels will accompany Christ at his return

Fallen Angels

Satan and demons are understood as angels who rebelled against God.

In Islam

Angels (malā’ika) are essential to Islamic belief—one of the six articles of faith:

Major Angels

  • Jibril (Gabriel) - Brings revelation; delivered the Quran to Muhammad
  • Mikail (Michael) - Provides sustenance
  • Israfil - Will blow the trumpet on the Day of Judgment
  • Azrael - Angel of death

Nature

  • Created from light
  • Do not have free will (unlike humans and jinn)
  • Cannot disobey God
  • Neither male nor female

Roles

  • Recording angels (Kiraman Katibin) record every deed
  • Munkar and Nakir question souls in the grave
  • Angels carry God’s throne

Angelic Encounters

Notable angelic visitations across traditions: